İçinde yaşadığımız ve gündelik hayatımızda kullandığımız her türlü yapı, evler, ofisler, endüstriyel binalar, hayvan barınakları, dülgerlik mesleğinin beceri ve teknikleri olmadan inşa edilmeleri mümkün olmayan yapılardır. Dülger kelimesi sözlükte “yapıların kaba ağaç işlerini yapan usta” olarak tanımlanıyor. Sözlük tanımı basit olsa da dülgerler aslında, tıpkı mühendisler ve mimarlar gibi, inşaatlar için vazgeçilmez aktörlerdir. Dülgerliğin uzmanlık alanlarının arasında ev, ofis, gemi inşa edebilmek ve iç mimari unsurları oluşturabilmek için ahşap başta olmak üzere farklı malzemelerin kesilmesi, biçimlendirilmesi, bir araya getirilmesi ve montajı bulunuyor. Dülgerlerin temel ustalığı ahşap ve kereste üzerine olmasına karşın, bugün inşaatlarda kullanılan diğer malzemelerle de çalışabiliyorlar.
Dülgerler, temelde ahşap ustaları oldukları için çoğunlukla marangozlarla karıştırılıyorlar. Gerçekten de marangozluk ve dülgerlik birbirine benzeyen ama bazı keskin ayrım noktaları olan iki meslek diyebiliriz. Bu ayrım noktalarının başında pek tabii ki iki meslek kolunun ilgilendikleri alanlar geliyor. Marangozlar daha çok mobilya tasarımı, ahşap işleme ve oyma ve süslemelerle ilgilenirken dülgerler ahşabın inşaatlarda kullanılan ve birtakım mühendislik hesapları ve teknik ayrıntılara dair bilgi birikimi gerektiren yapısal formları ile çalışırlar. Yani dülgerler binaların inşasında kullanılan kiriş, direk, çerçeve, merdiven gibi yapısal parçalarını tasarlamak, üretmek ve montajını gerçekleştirmekten sorumludurlar; dülgerlik aynı zamanda bir yapının çatı kaplamasını ve çatı iskeletinin tasarımını da içerir. Marangozlar ise evlerimizin ya da iş yerlerimizin içinde ya da bahçe ve balkon gibi açık yaşam alanlarında kullandığımız mobilya ve dekoratif ahşap ürünleri tasarlar ve üretirler. Yani eğer dülgerlik ve marangozluğu inşaat sektöründe yer alan diğer mesleklere benzetecek olursak; dülgerler bir binanın yapısal özelliklerinden sorumlu olan mimar ve iç mimarlara, marangozlar ise yaşam alanlarının estetik ve fonksiyonel unsurları ile ilgilenen dekoratörlere denktir diyebiliriz.
Dülgerlerin karıştırıldıkları bir diğer meslek kolu ise çatı ustaları. Türkiye’de dülger denilince akla ilk olarak çatı aktarma işlemini yapan ustalar geldiği için zaman zaman dülgerliğin çatı tamiri ve bakımı yapmaktan ibaret bir meslek olduğu da düşünülebiliyor. Oysa dülgerler binaların çatılarının iskelet ve inşasından sorumlu olsalar da tek sorumluluk alanları bu değildir; yani her dülger aynı zamanda bir çatı ustası olabilir ancak çatı ustaları yalnızca çatıların tasarım, tamir, onarım ve aktarımından sorumlu olan ve bu konudaki yeni nesil malzemelere de hakim, yalnızca çatı konusunda uzmanlaşmış ustalardır.
Kapsamlı iş kollarında olduğu gibi, dülgerler de deneyim ve bulundukları konumdaki ihtiyaç alanlarına göre farklı konularda uzmanlaşabiliyorlar. Bazı dülgerler ve dülgerlik hizmeti veren firmalar inşaat konusuna yoğunlaşır ve betonarme binaların yapımında gerekli olan dülgerlik hizmetlerine odaklanır. Bu konuda uzmanlaşan dülgerler genellikle binalardaki belirli kiriş, merdiven, iskele ve çatı tasarım ve kurulumu ile ilgilenirler.
Bazı dülgerlik firmaları ise büyük betonarme binalar yerine yalnızca ahşap ev inşaatına odaklanırlar. Özellikle bungalov, ahşap kır evi ve kulübe, kümes tasarımı, hayvan barınağı, bahçe kulübeleri ve kütük evler gibi ahşap malzemenin ana malzeme olarak kullanıldığı yapıların üretim, tasarım ve inşası hizmetlerini veren firmalar son yıllarda ahşap evlerin popülerlik seviyesinin de çoğalması ile birlikte giderek daha da arttı. (Ahşap ev modellerinin neden son yıllarda daha da popüler hale geldiğini merak ediyorsanız Ev yaptırırken ahşap ev modelleri tercih etmek için 10 neden başlıklı yazımıza tıklamanızı tavsiye ediyoruz.)
İç mimari tasarım konusunda uzmanlaşan dülgerler ve dülgerlik hizmeti veren firmalar da bulunur ve bu firma ve ustalar ev ve iş yerleri için gömme dolap, kapı ve pencere gibi iç mimari unsurların tasarım, üretim ve montajı konusunda size yardımcı olacaklardır.
Gemi ve tekne yapımında uzmanlaşan dülgerlerden de bahsetmek de mümkün. Gemiler ve tekneler de yapısal olarak ahşap malzemenin öne çıktığı ve oldukça teknik bir bilgi ve deneyimle inşa edilen yapılardır ve bu konuda da dülgerler vazgeçilmez bir rol oynarlar. Gemi üretim merkezlerinde çalışan dülgerler bu konuda özel olarak eğitim almış ve uzmanlaşmışlardır.
Dülgerlik işlerini, dülgerlerin üzerinde çalıştığı yapı türlerine göre de sınıflandırabiliriz. Konut dülgerliği, yeni evler inşa etmeye ya da eski evleri yeniden şekillendirmeye ve restore etmeye odaklanır. Konut dülgerlerinin inşa ettiği yapı türleri arasında betonarme apartmanlar da, prefabrik evler de, müstakil ahşap evler de sayılabilir. Ticari dülgerlik olarak sınıflandırabileceğimiz dülgerlik hizmetlerinde ise ofis binaları, alışveriş merkezleri, restoran ve kafeler gibi ticari yapıların inşası söz konusudur. Bunlara ayrıca okulların, hastanelerin ve otellerin inşa edilmesi ve yeniden yapılandırılması da dahildir. Bunların dışında üçüncü bir kategori olarak endüstriyel dülgerlerden bahsedebiliriz. Endüstriyel dülgerlik sanayi yapıları ve kamusal hizmetler üzerinde yoğunlaşır. Endüstriyel dülgerler baraj yapımlarında, tünel açma ve kanalizasyon inşalarında görev alırlar.
Hiç şüphe yok ki, dülgerlik, söz konusu hizmetlerin etkili bir şekilde yürütülmesi için belirli bir beceri gerektiren, teknik bir eğitime ihtiyaç duyulan, fiziksel ve zihinsel olarak bir hayli zorlu bir meslektir. Her şeyden önce dülgerler mutlaka temel zanaat eğitimini almış ve bu konudaki teknik bilgileri ve donanımı edinmiş olmalıdır. Dülgerlik eğitimi genellikle iki ve dört yıl süren mesleki eğitim programları aracılığı ile yapılır. Bu temel teknik eğitimin yanı sıra dülgerlerin belirli bir deneyime sahip olmak için profesyonel inşaat şirketlerinde staj yapmaları da gerekir.
Dülgerlik için gerekli olan bir diğer unsur ise inşaat malzeme ve ekipmanlarını kullanabilme ve yeniliklere açık olabilme yetisidir. İyi bir dülger, yeni nesil ölçüm aletlerinden zımpara makinelerine, elektrikli testere modellerinden endüstriyel matkaplara varan pek çok farklı ve kompleks ekipmanla rahatça çalışabilmeli ve aynı zamanda bunları hassasiyet ve güvenle kullanabilmelidir.
İşlerinde etkili olabilmeleri için dülgerlerin aynı zamanda iyi birer hesap uzmanı olmaları da şarttır. Gerekli hesapları yapma ve planları okuma konusunda yetkin olmayan bir dülger hem mühendis ve mimarlar hem de ev sahipleri için sorun çıkarabilir ve projenin teslimini geciktirebilir. Dülgerlerin her türlü yapısal ölçümü kusursuz bir şekilde yapabilmeleri gerekir ama bunun dışında aynı zamanda proje için gerekli malzemelerin toplam maliyetlerinin ne kadar olacağını ve işin ne zaman bitebileceğini de gerçekçi bir şekilde hesaplayabilmesi şarttır.
Projeniz için dülger seçerken dikkat edilmesi gereken bir diğer unsur ise dülgerliğin işi layığıyla yerine getirebilmek için fiziksel güç ve dayanıklılık gerektirdiğini bilmektir. Dülgerler malzemeleri monte ederken oldukça zor konumlar almaları gerekiyor. Dış mekanlarda çalışırken güneşin ya da soğuk hava koşullarının olumsuzluklarına da maruz kalabiliyorlar. Ayrıca kaba ve büyük ahşap parçalarını şekillendirmek ve endüstriyel aletler kullanmak zorundalar. Bunun için de mutlaka belirli bir fiziksel güç ve dayanıklılığa sahip olmalılar.
Evinizin kapı ve pencerelerini değiştirmek istiyor olabilirsiniz, yeni bir bina yapımı projesine imza atmak istiyor da olabilirsiniz, binanızın çatısının aktarılması ve yenilenmesi gerekiyor da olabilir ya da arazinize şirin bir ahşap kulübe inşa etmek de isteyebilirsiniz... Tüm bunlar için mutlaka sizi anlayan ve projenizi layıkıyla yerine getirebilecek profesyonel ve deneyimli bir dülgerle anlaşmanız gerekecek. Size ve projenize en uygun dülgeri seçebilmek için homify sayfalarını kullanabilirsiniz. Sayfalarımızda yer alan Profesyoneller sekmesi altında farklı alanlarda uzmanlaşmış dülgerleri listeleyebilir ve profillerinde gezinerek size en yakın konumdaki profesyonel dülgerler ile tek tıkla iletişim kurabilirsiniz.
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moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 720 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 730 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session.
Cookie duration: 1830 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 21 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 366 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session.
Cookie duration: 365 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session.
Cookie duration: 365 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session.
Cookie duration: 390 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreUses other forms of storage.
Doesn't use cookies.
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data
moreUses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 400 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 274 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 3653 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 395 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Precise location data, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session.
Cookie duration: 90 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 365 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session.
Doesn't use cookies.
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Precise location data, Privacy choices
moreUses other forms of storage.
Doesn't use cookies.
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreUses other forms of storage.
Doesn't use cookies.
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Probabilistic identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration: 365 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Precise location data, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 365 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 395 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session.
Cookie duration: 365 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreUses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 365 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreUses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 90 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Doesn't use cookies.
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreUses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 396 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 365 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session.
Cookie duration: 365 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session.
Cookie duration: 365 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 365 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session.
Doesn't use cookies.
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data
moreUses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 365 (days).
Data collected and processed: Device identifiers
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 366 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Precise location data, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 365 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration: 365 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Users’ profiles
moreCookie duration resets each session.
Cookie duration: 365 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 1825 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 25 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration: 396 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 365 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session.
Cookie duration: 90 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session.
Cookie duration: 730 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session.
Cookie duration: 366 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Non-precise location data, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session.
Cookie duration: 90 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Doesn't use cookies.
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration: 365 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 393 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreUses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 365 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session.
Cookie duration: 365 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Doesn't use cookies.
Data collected and processed: Non-precise location data
moreCookie duration: 30 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Precise location data
moreCookie duration resets each session.
Doesn't use cookies.
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data
moreCookie duration: 180 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session.
Doesn't use cookies.
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Precise location data
moreUses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 1825 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 914 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 120 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 398 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 728 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data
moreCookie duration: 180 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session.
Cookie duration: 365 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 396 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 30 (days).
Data collected and processed: Device characteristics
moreCookie duration resets each session.
Cookie duration: 365 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Non-precise location data
moreCookie duration resets each session.
Doesn't use cookies.
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics
moreCookie duration: 365 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device identifiers
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 397 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Doesn't use cookies.
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Non-precise location data
moreCookie duration: 366 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 90 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session.
Doesn't use cookies.
Data collected and processed: Device characteristics
moreDoesn't use cookies.
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreUses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 365 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 180 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session.
Doesn't use cookies.
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Precise location data, Privacy choices
moreUses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 365 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 730 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration: 300 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Privacy choices
moreUses other forms of storage.
Doesn't use cookies.
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreUses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 365 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Precise location data, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 180 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles
moreUses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 730 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices
moreUses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 396 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreUses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 730 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreUses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 365 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session.
Doesn't use cookies.
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Browsing and interaction data
moreCookie duration: 730 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session.
Cookie duration: 90 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data
moreUses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 60 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses
moreCookie duration resets each session.
Cookie duration: 396 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 730 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data
moreCookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 730 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session.
Cookie duration: 1825 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices
moreCookie duration resets each session.
Cookie duration: 730 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data
moreUses other forms of storage.
Cookie duration: 366 (days).
Data collected and processed: IP addresses, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Probabilistic identifiers, Authentication-derived identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Non-precise location data, Precise location data
moreCookie duration resets each session.
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